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GNU is the only operating system developedspecifically to give its users freedom. What is GNU, and what freedomis at stake?
What is GNU?
GNU is an operating system thatis free software—that is,it respects users' freedom. The GNU operating system consists of GNUpackages (programs specifically released by the GNU Project) as wellas free software released by third parties. The development of GNUmade it possible to use a computer without software that would trampleyour freedom.
We recommend installableversions of GNU (more precisely, GNU/Linux distributions) whichare entirely free software. More about GNUbelow.
2020-8-7 GNU is an operating system that is free software —that is, it respects users' freedom. The GNU operating system consists of GNU packages (programs specifically released by the GNU Project) as well as free software released by third parties.
- 2020-8-25 Award-winning VideoPad Video Editing Software has all the features you need to make a quality movie. Easily edit videos, add effects/audio and share with friends. Download for Windows & Mac.
- 2020-5-11 OS/2 had a significant number of Independent Software Vendors (ISVs) developing for it over the years considering the number of users compared to Windows. I think a large part of this was the recognition of the superiority of the operating system and the sophisticated end-user.
- The Free Software Foundation (FSF) is a nonprofit with a worldwide mission to promote computer user freedom. We defend the rights of all software users. The University of Costumed Heroes is an animated video from the FSF themed around our campaign for students' #UserFreedom.
- 2020-5-12 osFinancials is a free accounting package, easy to install Stock control and point of sales integrated with good support and plugins. Import from osCommerce, virtue-mart magento zenchart etc. Full reportdesigner reportman and all reports are made in reportman so can be adjusted to your needs. Full professional accounting package with support.
Hyperbola 0.3 with i3 window manager,cool-retro-term (terminal emulator), Gimp (image editor), and Iceweasel-UXP (webbrowser)
Guix / GNOME3
Parabola / LXDE
Trisquel / MATE
What is the Free Software Movement?
The free software movement campaigns to win for the users ofcomputing the freedom that comes from free software. Free softwareputs its users in control of their own computing. Nonfree softwareputs its users under the power of the software's developer. Seethe video explanation.
What is Free Software?
Free software means the users have the freedom to run,copy, distribute, study, change and improve the software.
Free software is a matter of liberty, not price. To understand theconcept, you should think of “free” as in “freespeech”, not as in “free beer”.
More precisely, free software means users of a program havethe four essentialfreedoms:
- The freedom to run the program as you wish, for any purpose (freedom 0).
- The freedom to study how the program works, and change it so it does your computing as you wish (freedom 1). Access to the source code is a precondition for this.
- The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help others (freedom 2).
- The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others (freedom 3). By doing this you can give the whole community a chance to benefit from your changes. Access to the source code is a precondition for this.
Developments in technology and network use have made these freedomseven moreimportant now than they were in 1983.
Nowadays the free software movement goes far beyond developing theGNU system. See the Free SoftwareFoundation's web site for more about what we do, and a listof ways you can help.
More about GNU
GNU is a Unix-like operating system. Thatmeans it is a collection of many programs: applications, libraries,developer tools, even games. The development of GNU, started inJanuary 1984, is known as the GNU Project. Many of the programs inGNU are released under the auspices of the GNU Project; those wecall GNU packages.
The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU'sNotUnix.” “GNU”is pronounced g'noo, as one syllable, like saying“grew” but replacing the r with n.
The program in a Unix-like system that allocates machine resourcesand talks to the hardware is called the “kernel”. GNU istypically used with a kernel called Linux. This combination isthe GNU/Linux operatingsystem. GNU/Linux is used by millions, thoughmany call it “Linux” bymistake.
GNU's own kernel, The Hurd,was started in 1990 (before Linux was started). Volunteers continuedeveloping the Hurd because it is an interesting technicalproject.
The GNU Project supports the Free Software Foundation's petition to call on school administrators around the world to stop requiring students to run nonfree software. Sign the petitionfor freedom in the classroom.
The GNU Project strongly urges the community to communicate in ways that are friendly, welcoming and kind. See the GNU Kind Communications Guidelines.
RFC 8905 - 'The 'payto' URI Scheme for Payments' published: 2020-11: RFC 8905: 'The 'payto' URI Scheme for Payments' publishedWe are happy to announce the publicatio...
[From Arch] libtraceevent>=5.9-1 update requires manual intervention: The libtraceevent package prior to version 5.9-1 was missing a soname link. This has been fixed in 5.9-1, so the upgra...
GNU Parallel 20201022 ('Samuel Paty'): GNU Parallel 20201022 ('Samuel Paty') has been released. It is available for download at: http://ftpmirror.gnu.org/parallel/ Please help...
Take Action
- Support the efforts on net neutralityin the USA,and in your home country.
- Defend privacy, and support global copyright reform with LQDN.
- Support current FSFcampaigns.
- Fight against software patents:worldwide, andin Europe.
Can you contribute to any ofthese HighPriority Areas?
- Free phone operating system,
- decentralization, federation and self-hosting,
- free drivers, firmware and hardware designs,
- real-time voice and video chat,
- encourage contribution by people underrepresented in the community,
- and more.
Can you help maintain a GNU package?
- cfengine, freedink, freetalk, halifax, mcron, quickthreads,are all looking for maintainers.
- Also, these packages are looking for co-maintainers:aspell, bison, gnuae, gnubik, metaexchange, powerguru, xboard.
See the package web pages for more information.
Today's random package…
Libgcrypt
Libgcrypt is a general-purpose cryptographic library. It provides thestandard cryptographic building blocks such as symmetric ciphers, hashalgorithms, public key algorithms, large integer functions and randomnumber generation.(doc)
Here are the links for Mac OS X Mountain Lion Free Download. No signup, no payment, or slow server, just click on direct links to download Mac OS X Mountain Lion.
File: mac_os_x_mountain_lion.dmg
Size: 4.14 GB
Developer: Apple Inc
Language: English
Released: July 25, 2012
Last update: August 13, 2015
Mac OS X Mountain Lion 10.8 is the ninth major release of the OS family. The goal behind the operating system was to create an OS with better management and synchronizing between different Apple products.
The old Mac OS X is now called macOS. As, Apple has released the operating system with the only available only on the Mac App Store. This change has brought Apple the option to release updates every year instead of their traditional every two years or so.
It was released on July 25, 2012 on Mac App Store and was purchased around 19.99$. Mountain Lion was the start of macOS being sold free of cost as all of the successors of Mountain Lion were free of cost.
Operating system before Mountain Lion was always purchased, however, after the Mountain Lion all the versions were sold for free and it was the last paid upgrade.
Still, costing around 19.99$ for the users a total of 3 million copies were sold in the first four days. And by June 10, 2013 more than 28 million more were sold.
It was also the first macOS who introduced the notification center to users. The app was used to provide an overview and alerts form applications. Small pop-up was used in display as notifications. The only way to clear the notification was to complete the action associated with the particular alert.
OS X Mountain Lion was the successor of Mac OS X Lion and was succeeded by Mac OS X Mavericks.
The last update released for OS X 10.8 was made on August 13, 2015. When Apple released Mountain Lion version 10.8.5 which was to patch the security dents.
System Requirements
The official system requirement of OS X Mountain Lion are 2 GB of RAM, 8 GB of storage. Still, the operating system can also be run on the following Macs:
To use Mountain Lion, you need one of these Macs:
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- iMac (Mid 2007 or newer)
- MacBook (Late 2008 Aluminium, or Early 2009 or newer)
- MacBook Pro (Mid/Late 2007 or newer)
- MacBook Air (Late 2008 or newer)
- Mac mini (Early 2009 or newer)
- Mac Pro (Early 2008 or newer)
- Xserve (Early 2009)
Features
Many beta versions were released before the official release. Some of the applications were removed while some new applications like Web browsers, game centers, and iCloud services were added. Lots of features were replaced with more compelling and rich ones. OS X Mountain Lion had provided a user-friendly environment with these features given below.
We can’t say the entire interface has been changed. However, we can say numerous changes are made in this version. As a new notification center is placed on the top right corner of your screen. That provides you a window to see the recent notifications about different applications in your Mac. The notification can be about updates, issues with the apps, or any other problem.
System’s performance has also been improved as you can take Wi-Fi as an example. Wi-Fi performance has been enhanced greatly to 802.11 ac for AFP file transfer.
Many expectations were on this operating system and in the end, it covered most of it. Apple has tried its best to solve all those problems in its new operating system that the users were facing in older versions. Sending large files was a challenge in the past as the servers were unable to support the load. But now those problems were also solved.
Some small application is added for this version of Mac OS X. As, iChat is replaced with messages. Messages is a small application with the capability of both video and audio calling. The application can send numbers of instant messages while can also share large sized files without tearing down the quality. Other features like screen sharing and group calling is also valid.
One of the great things about this app is that it is quite handy. As you can send a message to your friend with you Mac and answer him with your iPhone.
Game center was criticized in the past for the thin library. However, Apple had improved the app developing tools for macOS, which caused to add a number of games being added to the gaming library. Other than game quantity, you are also provided with the multi-player option.
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Multiplayer features allow you to play with your friends. Still it is not limited to just playing with multiple users but there is no boundary on platforms as well. You can use your mac while your friend uses the iPad and both of you play the same game at a time.
Note was a part of Mail in the previous versions of Mac OS X but now this is a separate application. It allows the users to pin notes on desktop. All the notes can be synchronized with your iCloud account, so that you won’t miss a single note.
iCloud allows you to write down any document you want on your computer which later can be accessed through iPhone, iPad, or Mac. The app synchronizes with your devices like iPhone and manages your tasks. It can also keep your reminder and notes updated on all of your devices.
Dictation is a tool that you can use to speak to fill any text field like creating an email, reminders, or messages. Only thing you will need while using it to have an internet connection.
There is a feature called AirPlay Mirroring used to stream your screen on other different screens like Apple TV. AirPlay can stream up to 720p to your Apple TV through Wi-Fi.
Apple has the option to use the applications from the Mac App Store or from other sources. However, using any other third party application will activate the Gatekeeper who will check the application. Then it will allow either the users are able to install it or not. This is a great step, as it helps to protect the user’s data from an unknown threat that comes with different applications.
Power nap is the second last feature in this list. Power nap is a handy feature used to download any file while your system goes to sleep. Downloading while sleeping can save you lots of power and puts less effort into your hardware.
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Automated application updating facility.
Removed Features
- Here are features which not available in Mac OS X Mountain Lion.
- MobileMe was completely replaced by iCloud.
- RSS in Mail and Safari is removed.
- Software Update Service is now unified to Mac App Store.
- Xgrid support was removed (including X Server edition).
- The Display Preference status menu was replaced by the Airplay icon.
- The option in Menu Bar to display battery life using “Time” is no longer offered. Instead, the only option is to display battery “Percentage”. However, battery time can still be viewed in the dropdown by clicking on the battery icon.
Mac OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion free. download full Version
Apple has impressed the crowd with the enhancement they did on both software and hardware over the years. And Mac OS X Mountain Lion is one of them. Here you can download the full standalone offline installer for free.
File: mac_os_x_mountain_lion.dmg
Size: 4.14 GB
Program Class: Operating System
Language: English
Released: July 25, 2012
![Software Software](/uploads/1/3/4/7/134734137/975413314.jpg)
Last update: August 13, 2015
Developer: Apple Inc
Successor: Mac OS X Mavericks
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Predecessor: Mac OS X Lion
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Setup Type: Offline Installer/ Full standalone setup